Ты не слушаешь. Что мы упускаем, разучившись слушать, и как это исправить - Кейт Мёрфи

185 …стоит за обычаем квакеров формировать «комитеты ясности» – “Clearness Committees – What They Are and What They Do,” Friends General Conference, https://www.fgcquaker.org/resources/clearness–committees–what–they–are–and–what–they–do.

186 …когда матери просто слушают своих детей… – Bethany Rittle– Johnson, Megan Saylor, and Kathryn E. Swygert, “Learning from Explaining: Does It Matter If Mom Is Listening?,” Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 100, no. 3 (2008): 215–224, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2007.10.002.

187 …более подробные решения – Robert M. Krauss, “The Role of the Listener: Addressee Influences on Message Formulation,” Journal of Language and Social Psychology 6, no. 2 (1987): 81–98, https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X8700600201; Kate Loewenthal, “The Development of Codes in Public and Private Language,” Psychonomic Science 8, no. 10 (1967): 449–450, https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03332285.

188 «Вдумчивый разговор» – “About Us”, Great Conversations, https://www. greatconversations.com/about–us/.

189 …ранее незнакомые люди говорили о возникшем ощущении близости – Arthur Aron, Edward Melinat, Elaine Aron, Robert Vallone, and Reness Bator, “The Experiental Generation of Interpersonal Closeness: A Procedure and Some Preliminary Findings,” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 23, no. 4 (1997): 363–377, https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167297234003.

190 …результаты снова напечатали в статье The New York Times от 2015 года – Mandy Len Catron, “To Fall in Love with Anyone, Do This,” New York Times, January 9, 2015, https://www.nytimes.com/2015.

191 …движущей силой своего творчества… — Michael Lewis, “How Tom Wolfe Became… Tom Wolfe,” Vanity Fair, October 8, 2015, https://www. vanityfair.com/culture/2015/10/how–tom–wolfe–became–tom–wolfe; John McPhee, “Omission,” New Yorker, September 7, 2015, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/09/14/omission; Neely Tucker, “How Richard Price Does It: New York Dialogue, Only Better,” Washington Post, March 1, 2015, https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/how–richard–price–does–it–new–york–dialogue–only–better/2015/03/01/11ad2f04–bdec–11e4–bdfa–8e8f594e6ee _ story. html.

192 Люди всегда рассказывают вам, кто они такие — Elizabeth Strout, The Burgess Boys (New York: Random House, 2014), 160.

193. …люди мало слушают друг друга — “Elizabeth Strout, ‘Anything Is Possible,’ ”YouTube video, 55:04, posted by Politics and Prose, May 9, 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v = Y gDv12z4nQ&feature = youtu.be.

Глава 13. Молоточки, наковальни и стремена: превращение звуковых волн в мозговые

194 …они могут слышать приближение грозовых облаков – “Elephants Can Hear the Sound of Approaching Clouds,” BBC, December 11, 2015, http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20151115–elephants–can–hear–the–sound–of–approaching–clouds.

195 …до рефлекторной реакции на звуковые стимулы – Lizabeth M. Romanski and Joseph E. LeDoux, “Bilateral Destruction of Neocortical and Perirhinal Projection Targets of the Acoustic Thalamus Does Not Disrupt Auditory Fear Conditioning,” Neuroscience Letters 142, no. 2 (1992): 228–232, https://doi.org/10.1016/0304–3940(92)90379–L; “Auditory Cortex,” Wikipedia, last edited March 30, 2019 at 16:00 UTC, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auditorycortex.

196 Она названа в честь немецкого невролога Карла Вернике… – Judy Duchan, “Carl Wernicke 1848– 1905,” History of Speech–Language Pathology, University at Buffalo–SUNY, http://www.acsu.buffalo.edu/~duchan/new history/hist19c/subpages/wernicke.html; Gertrude H. Eggert, Wernicke’s Works on Aphasia: A Sourcebook and Review: Early Sources in Aphasia and Related Disorders, vol. 1 (The Hague: Mouton Publishers, 1977).

197 …специализированные группы нейронов в головном мозге – C. Tang, L. S. Hamilton, and E. F. Chang, “Intonational Speech Prosody Encoding in the Human Auditory Cortex,” Science 357, no. 6353 (2017): 797– 801, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aam8577. musicians, whose art depends Dana Strait, Nina Kraus, Erika Skoe, and Richard Ashley, “Musical Experience and Neural Efficiency–Effects of Training on Subcortical Processing of Vocal Expressions of Emotion,” European Journal of Neuroscience 29 (2009): 661–668, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460–9568.2009.06617.x.

198 …музыканты, не знакомые с мандаринским наречием – Chao-Yang Lee and Tsun-Hui Hung, “Identification of Mandarin Tones by English – Speaking Musicians and Nonmusicians,” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 124, no. 3235 (2008), https://doi.org/10.1121/1.2990713; Celine Marie, Franco Delogu, Giulia Lampis, Marta Olivetti Belardinelli, and Mireille Besson, “Influence of Musical Expertise on Segmental and Tonal Processing in Mandarin Chinese,” Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23, no. 10 (2011): 2701–2715.

199 …еще один увлекательный эксперимент с использованием функциональной магнитно-резонансной томографии… – Yaara Yeshurun, Stephen Swanson, Erez Simony, Janice Chen, Christina Lazaridi, Christopher J. Honey, and Uri Hasson, “Same Story, Different Story: The Neural Representation of Interpretive Frameworks,” Psychological Science 28, no. 3 (2017): 307–319, https://doi.org/10.1177 / 0956797616682029.

200 …адаптированный вариант рассказа Дж. Д. Сэлинджера «И эти губы, и глаза зеленые» – J. D. Salinger, “Pretty Mouth and Green My Eyes,” New Yorker, July 6, 1951, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1951/07/14/pretty–mouth–and– green–my–eyes.

201 …преимущество правого уха – M. P. Bryden, “An Overview of the Dichotic Listening Procedure and Its Relation to Cerebral Organization,” in Handbook of Dichotic Listening: Theory, Methods and Research, ed. K. Hugdahl (Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, 1988), 1–43; Gina Geffen, “The Development of the Right Ear Advantage in Dichotic Listening with Focused Attention,” Cortex 14, no. 2 (1978): 169–177, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010–9452(78)80042-2.

202 …преимущество в распознавании эмоциональных аспектов речи – Abdulrahman D. Alzahrani and Marwan A. Almuhammadi, “Left Ear Advantages in Detecting Emotional Tones Using Dichotic Listening Task in an Arabic Sample,” Laterality: Asymmetries of Body, Brain and Cognition 18, no. 6 (2013): 730–747, https://doi.org/10.1080/1357650X.2012.762373; Teow-Chong Sim and Carolyn Martinez, “Emotion words are remembered better in the left ear.” Laterality: Asymmetries of Body, Brain and Cognition 10, no. 2 (2005): 149–159, https://doi.org/10.1080/13576500342000365.

203 Для левшей, скорее всего, справедлива обратная закономерность – Lise Van der Haegen, Rene Westerhausen, Kenneth Hugdahl, and Marc Brysbaert “Speech Dominance Is a Better Predictor of Functional Brain Asymmetry Than Handedness: A Combined fMRI Word Generation and Behavioral Dichotic Listening Study,” Neuropsychologia 51, no. 1 (2013): 91–97, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.11.002.

204 …слушавших голоса в левом или правом наушнике – James Jerger, “The Remarkable History of Right– Ear Advantage,” Hearing Review 25, no. 1 (2018): 12–16, http://www.hearingreview.com/2017/12/remarkable–history–right–ear–advantage/. ingenious study by Italian researchers Daniele Marzoli and Luca Tommasi, “Side Biases in Humans (Homo sapiens): Three Ecological Studies on Hemispheric Asymmetries,” Naturwissenschaften 96, no. 9 (2009): 1099–1106, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114–009–0571–4.

205 …самые первые позвоночные имели внутренние уши – Seth Horowitz, The Universal Sense: How Hearing Shapes the Mind (New York: Bloomsbury, 2012), 14. response to pressure John Carey and Nivee Arnin, “Evolutionary Changes in the Cochlea and Labyrinth: Solving the Problem of Sound Transmission to the Balance Organs of the Inner Ear,” Anatomical Record Part A: