Исламское государство. Армия террора - Майкл Вайс

36 Riedel, The Search for Al Qaeda, 104.

37 Combating Terrorism Center at West Point, 2013.

38 Riedel, The Search for Al Qaeda, 104.

39 Riedel, The Search for Al Qaeda, 103.

40 Ellen Knickmeyer and К. I. Ibrahim, „Bombing Shatters Mosque in Iraq“ Washington Post, February 23, 2006, www.washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/02/22/AR2006022200454. html.

41 Там же.

42 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 194.

43 Ellen Knickmeyer and Muhanned Saif Aldin, „Tense Calm Prevails as Iraqi Forces Seal Off River Town“ Washington Post, October 18, 2006, www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/arti-cle/2006/10/17/AR2006101700254.html; Rayburn, Iraq After America, 120.

44 Joshua Partlow and Saad al-Izzi, „Scores of Sunnis Killed in Baghdad“ Washington Post, July 10,2006, www.washingtonpost.com/ wpdyn/content/article/2006/07/09/AR2006070900139.html; Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 214.

45 Jon Lee Anderson, „Inside the Surge“ The New Yorker, November 19,2007, www.newyorker.com/magazine/2007/ll/19/inside-the-surge; „Ghazaliya, Baghdad, Iraq“ Google Maps, accessed January 17, 2015, www.google.com/maps/place/Ghazaliyah, +Baghdad, +Iraq/@34.0092759,43.8541015,9z/data=!4m2! 3ml!ls0xl5577d6b25af61b3:0xlc37973c4265e31e; Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 213-14.

46 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 213-14.

47 Rayburn, Iraq After America, 87–88.

48 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 213-14.

49 „Text of U. S. Security Adviser’s Iraq Memo“ New York Times, November 29, 2006, www.nytimes. com/2006/ll/29/world/middleeast/29mtext.html.

50 Там же.

51 Riedel, The Search for A1 Qaeda, 106.

52 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 206.

53 Там же.

54 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 207.

55 Dexter Filkins, Mark Mazzetti and Richard A. Oppel Jr., „How Surveillance and Betrayal Led to a Hunt’s End“ New York Times, June 9, 2006, www.nytimes.eom/2006/06/09/world/mid-dleeast/09raid.html.

56 Riedel, The Search for A1 Qaeda, 106.

57 Eben Kaplan, „Abu Hamza al-Muhajir, Zarqawi’s Mysterious Successor (aka Abu Ayub al-Masri)“ Council on Foreign Relations, June 13, 2006, www.cfr.org/iraq/abu-hamza-al-muhajir-zar-qawis-mysterious-successor-aka-abu-ayub-al-masri/pl0894.

58 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 230.

59 Rayburn, Iraq After America, 121; Ahmed S. Hashim, „The Islamic State: From al-Qaeda Affiliate to Caliphate“ Middle East Policy Council, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 2014, www.mepc.org/jour-nal/middle-east-policy-archives/islamic-state-al-qaeda-affiliate-caliphate.

60 Rayburn, Iraq After America, 121,136.

61 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 230; Rayburn, Iraq After America, 128.

62 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 230.

63 Там же.

64 Интервью, взятое одним из авторов, октябрь 2014 г.

65 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 230; Hashim, 2014.

66 Hashim, 2014.

67 Интервью, взятое одним из авторов, ноябрь 2014 г.

68 Price et al., 2014.

69 Bill Roggio, „Iraqi Troops Kill Senior al Qaeda in Iraq Leader“ The Long War Journal, November 7,2008 www.longwarjournal.org/ archives/2008/ll/iraqi_troops_kill_se.php.

70 Greg Jaffe, „At Lonely Iraq Outpost, GIs Stay as Hope Fades“ Wall Street Journal, May 3, 2007, www.wsj.com/arti-cles/SB117813340417889827.

71 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 233.

72 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 233; „Fire Marshal Ronald P. Bucca“ Officer Down Memorial Page, accessed January 17, 2015, www.odmp.org/officer/16195-fire-marshal-ron-ald-p-bucca.

73 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 32–33, 233-34.

74 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 234.

1 Интервью, взятое авторами, август 2014 г.

2 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 244.

3 Myriam Benraad, „Iraq’s Tribal ‘Sahwa’: Its Rise and Fall“ Middle East Policy Council, Vol. 18, No. 1, Spring 2011, www.mepc. org/journal/middle-east-policy-archives/iraqs-tribal-sahwa-its-rise-and-fall.

4 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 244.

5 Kirk Semple, „Uneasy Alliance Is Taming One Insurgent Bastion“ New York Times, April 29, 2007, www.nytimes. com/2007/04/29/world/middleeast/29ramadi.html.

6 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 250.

7 George Packer, „The Lesson of Tal Afar“ The New Yorker, April 10, 2006, www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/04/10/the-lesson-of-tal-afar.

8 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 252.

9 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 253.

10 Там же.

11 Edward Wong, „An Iraqi Tribal Chief Opposes the Jihadists, and Prays“ New York Times, March 3, 2007, www.nytimes. com/2007/03/03/world/middleeast/03sheik.html.

12 Alissa J. Rubin and Graham Bowley, „Bomb Kills Sunni Sheik Working With US in Iraq“ New York Times, September 13,2007, www. nytimes. com/2007/09/13/world/middleeast/13cnd-iraq.html.

13 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 263.

14 Jason Burke, The 9/11 Wars (New York: Penguin, 2012), 267.

15 Burke, The 9/11 Wars, 265.

16 Joint Chiefs of Staff Joint Publication 3-24, The Patraeus Doctrine: The Field Manual on Counterinsurgency Operations, US Army, 2009.

17 Glenn Kessler, „Weapons Given to Iraq Are Missing“ Washington Post, August 6, 2007, www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/con-tent/article/2007/08/05/AR2007080501299.html.

18 Burke, The 9/11 Wars, 271.

19 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 209.

20 Там же.

21 Gordon 8t Trainor, The Endgame, 210.

22 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 370.

23 Там же.

24 Joshua Partlow, „Troops in Diyala Face A Skilled, Flexible Foe“ Washington Post, April 22, 2007, www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/04/21/AR2007042101467_pf. html.

25 Gordon 8t Trainor, The Endgame, 375.

26 Jackie Spinner, „Marines Widen Their Net South of Baghdad“ Washington Post, November 28, 2004, www.washingtonpost. com/wp-dyn/articles/A16794-2004Nov27.html.

27 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 381.

28 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 384.

29 Там же.

30 Gen. Raymond Odierno, „DOD News Briefing with Gen. Odierno from the Pentagon“ US Department of Defense, June 4, 2010, www.defense.gov/transcripts/transcript. aspx?transcriptid=4632.

31 Rayburn, Iraq After America, 124.

32 Интервью с одним из тех, с кем контактировал аль-Джибури, ноябрь 2014 г.

33 Интервью, взятое одним из авторов, август 2014 г.

1 Alissa J. Rubin, „US Military Reforms Its Prisons in Iraq“ New York Times, June 1, 2008, www.nytimes.com/2008/ 06/01/world/africa/01iht-detain.4.13375130.html.

2 Интервью с Джоэлом Рейберном, октябрь 2014 г.

3 Craig Whiteside, „Catch And Release in the Land of Two Rivers“ War on the Rocks, December 18, 2014, warontherocks. com/2014/12/catch-and-release-in-the-land-of-two-rivers.

4 Major General D. M Stone, „Detainee Operations“ United States Marine Corps, PowerPoint presentation, November 2014.

5 Martin Chulov, „Isis: The Inside Story“ The Guardian, December

11,2014, www.theguardian.com/world/2014/dec/ll/-sp-isis-the-inside-story.

6 Там же.

7 Whiteside, 2014.

8 Anthony Shadid, „In Iraq, Chaos Feared as US Closes Prison“ Washington Post, March 22,2009, www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/03/21/AR2009032102255_pf. html.

9 Интервью, взятое одним из авторов, октябрь 2014 г.

10 Burke, The 9/11 Wars, 430.

11 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 591.

12 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 592.

13 Shadid, 2009.

14 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 591.

15 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 593.

16 Там же.

17 Интервью, взятое одним из авторов, ноябрь 2014 г.

18 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 614.

19 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 609.

20 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 617.

21 Rayburn, Iraq After America, 213-14.

22 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 620.

23 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 619.

24 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 615.

25 Интервью, взятое одним из авторов, ноябрь 2014 г.; АН Khedery, „Why We Stuck With Maliki — and Lost Iraq“ Washington Post, July 3,2004, www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/why-we-stuck-with-maliki-and-lost-iraq/2014/07/03/0dd6a8a4-f7ec-Ile3-a606-946fd632f9fl_story.html.

26 „Blowback Against Glenn Greenwald #1“ Anonymous Mugwump blog, May 25, 2013, anonymousmugwump.blogspot.co. uk/2013/05/blowback-against-glenn-greenwald-l.html.

27 „Five Myths About ISIS“ Anonymous Mugwump blog, October 5, 2014, anonymousmugwump.blogspot.co.uk/2014/10/five-myths-about-isis.html.

28 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 673–674.

29 Adrian Blomfield and Damien McElroy, „Iraq in Fresh Turmoil as Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki Orders Arrest of Vice President“ The Telegraph, December 19, 2011, www.telegraph. co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iraq/8966587/Iraq-in-fresh-turmoil-as-Prime-Minister-Nuri-al-Maliki-orders-arrest-of-vice-president.html.

30 Associated Press in Baghdad, „Iraq Vice President Sentenced to Death Amid Deadly Wave of Insurgent Attacks“ The Guardian, September 9, 2012, www.theguardian. com/world/2012/sep/09/iraq-vice-president-hashemi-death-sentence.

31 Joel Rayburn, „Iraq Is Back on the Brink of Civil War“ New Republic, May 8, 2013, www.newrepublic.com/article/113148/iraqs-civil-war-breaking-out-again.

32 Jessica D. Lewis, „Al-Qaeda in Iraq Resurgent“ Middle East Security Report 14, Institute for the Study of War, September 2013, www.understandingwar.org/sites/default/files/AQI-Resurgent-10Sept_0.pdf.

33 Sinan Adnan and Aaron Reese, „Beyond the Islamic State: Iraq’s Sunni Insurgency“ Middle East Security Report 24, Institute for the Study of War, October 2014, www.understandingwar. org/sites/default/files/Sunni%20Insurgency%20in%20Iraq. pdf.

1 Edward Wong, „An Iraqi Tribal Chief Opposes the Jihadists, and Prays“ New York Times, March 3, 2007, www.nytimes. com/2007/03 /03 /world /middleeast/03sheik.html.

2 Eyal Zisser, „Hafiz al-Asad Discovers Islam“ Middle East Quarterly, March 1999, www.meforum.org/465/hafiz-al-asad-discov-ers-islam.

3 Fares Akram, „Hamas Leader Abandons Longtime Base in Damascus“ New York Times, January 27, 2012. www.nytimes. com/2012/01/28/world/middleeast/khaled-meshal-the-leader-of-hamas-vacates-damascus.html.

4 David Axe, „Iran Transformed Syria’s Army into a Militia that Will Help Assad Survive Another Year“ Reuters, December 17, 2014, blogs.reuters.com/great-debate/2014/12/16/iran-transformed-syrias-army-into-a-militia-that-will-help-assad-sur-vive-another-year; Amos Harel, „Iran, Hezbollah Significantly Increases Aid to Syria’s Assad“ Haaretz, April 6, 2012, www. haaretz.com/news/middle-east/iran-hezbollah-significantly-increase-aid-to-syria-s-assad-1.422954.

5 „Three Major Terror Busts in Iraq — Iran, Syria Connections Exposed, Say US Officials“ ABC News, March 22, 2007, abcnews. go.com/blogs/headlines/2007/03/three_major_ter; Burke, The 9/11 Wars, 171.

6 Bill Roggio, „А1 Qaeda in Iraq Operative Killed Near Syrian Border Sheds Light on Foreign Influence“ The Long War Journal, October 3, 2007, www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2007/10/al_ qaeda_in_iraq_ope.php.

7 Peter Bergen, Joseph Felter, Vahid Brown, and Jacob Shapiro, Bombers, Bank Accounts, & Bleedout: Al-Qafidafs Road In and out of Iraq, Combating Terrorism Center at West Point, July 2008, https: //www.ctc.usma.edu/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Sinjar_2_ FINAL.pdf.

8 Там же.

9 Там же.

10 Burke, The 9/11 Wars, 171.

11 Интервью, взятое одним из авторов, декабрь 2014 г.

12 Интервью, взятое одним из авторов, декабрь 2014 г.

13 Интервью, взятое одним из авторов, декабрь 2014 г.

14 „Death of a Cleric“ NOW Lebanon, October 5,2007, now.mmedia. me/lb/en/commentaryanalysis/death_of_a_cleric.