Исламское государство. Армия террора - Майкл Вайс

15 Там же.

16 Там же.

17 Интервью, взятое одним из авторов, декабрь 2014 г.

18 Интервью, взятое одним из авторов, декабрь 2014 г.

19 Graham Bowley and Souad Makhennet, „Fugitive Sunni Leader Thought to Have Been Captured or Killed in Syria“ New York Times, November 10, 2008, www.nytimes. com/2008/12/10/world/africa/10iht-syria.4.18569673.html.

20 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 231.

21 Ian Black and Martin Chulov, „Leading Syrian Regime Figures Killed in Damascus Bomb Attack“ The Guardian, July 18, 2012, www.theguardian.com/world/2012/jul/18/syrian-regime-fig-ures-bomb-attack; Michael Weiss, „What the Assault on the Assad Regime Means“ The Telegraph, July 20, 2012, blogs.telegraph. co.uk/news /michaelweiss /100171767 /what-the-assault-on-the-assad-regime-means.

22 Bill Roggio, „US Strike in Syria ‘Decapitated’ al Qaeda’s Facilitation Network“ The Long War Journal, October 27, 2008, www.

longwarjournal.org/archives/2008/10/us_strike_in_sjTia_d.

php.

23 „Gen. Patraeus’s Meeting with P. M. Maliki“ Wikileaks, January 7, 2009, www.wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/09BAGHDAD31_a. html.

24 „Treasury Designates Members of Abu Ghadiyah’s Network Facilitates Flow of Terrorists, Weapons, and Money from Syra to al Qaida in Iraq“ US Department of the Treasury, February 28,2008, www. treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/hp845.aspx.

25 James Joyner, „Zarqawi Financial Network Independent“ Outside the Beltway, January 25,2005, www.outsidethebeltway.com/zar-qawi_financial_network_independent.

26 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 461.

27 Roggio, October 2008.

28 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 577.

29 „UK Foreign Secretary Miliband’s Nov. 17–18 Trip to Damascus“ Wikileaks, November 19,2008, www.wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/ 08DAMASCUS821_a.html.

30 „Cable 09DAMASCUS384, Re-engaging Syria: Dealing with Sarg Diplomacy“ Wikileaks, June 3, 2009, wikileaks. org/cable/2009/06/09DAMASCUS384.html.

31 Chulov, December 2014.

32 Там же.

33 Steven Lee Myers, „Iraq Military Broadcasts Confession on Bombing“ New York Times, August 23, 2009, www.nytimes. com/2009/08/24/world /middleeast/24iraq.html.

34 „Iraq and Syria Recall Envoys“ Al Jazeera, August25,2009, www.alja-zeera.com/news/middleeast/2009/08/20098251602328210.html.

35 Khaled Yacoub Oweis, „US Security Team to Visit Syria, Focus on Iraq“ Reuters, August 11, 2009, www.reuters.com/arti-cle/2009/08/ll/us-syria-usa-sb-idUSTRE57A5Y120090811.

36 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 610; Hugh Naylor, „Syria is Said to Be Strengthening Ties to Opponents“ New York Times, October 7, 2007, www.nytimes.com/2007/10/07/world/mid-dleeast/07syria.html.

37 Tony Badran, „The ‘Lebonization’ of Iraq“ NOW Lebanon, December 22, 2009, now.mmedia.me/lb/en/commentaryanaly-sis /the_lebanonization_of_iraq.

38 Chulov, December 2014.

39 „Syrian Intelligence Chief Attends CT Dialogue With S/CT Benjamin“ Wikileaks, February 24,2010, wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/ 10DAMASCUS159_a.html.

40 Там же.

41 Там же.

1 „The Return of Khilafah“ Dabiq, Issue 1, July, 2014, media.clar-ionproject.org/files/09-2014/isis-isil-islamic-state-magazine-Issue-l-the-return-of-khilafah.pdf.

2 Bill Roggio, „US Kills Senior Syrian-based al Qaeda Facilitator in Mosul“ The Long War Journal, January 28,2010, www.longwar-journal.org/archives/2010/01/us_kills_senior_syri.php.

3 Там же.

4 Gordon & Trainor, The Endgame, 623.

5 Интервью, взятое одним из авторов, ноябрь 2014 г.

6 Там же.

7 Ruth Sherlock, „How a Talented Footballer Became World’s Most Wanted Man, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi“ The Telegraph, November 11, 2014, www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/mid-dleeast/iraq/10948846/How-a-talented-footballer-became-worlds-most-wanted-man-Abu-Bakr-al-Baghdadi.html.

8 Там же.

9 Интервью, взятое одним из авторов, ноябрь 2014 г.

10 Sherlock, November 2014.

11 Hashim, 2014.

12 Chulov, December 2014.

13 Там же.

14 Там же.

15 Там же.

16 Hashim, 2014.

17 Интервью, взятое одним из авторов, октябрь 2014 г.

18 Ben Hubbard and Eric Schmitt, „Military Skill and Terrorist Technique Fuel Success of ISIS“ New York Times, August 27, 2014, mobile.nytimes.com/2014/08/28/world/middleeast/army-know-how-seen-as-factor-in-isis-successes.html.

19 Ruth Sherlock, „Inside the Leadership of Islamic State: How the New ‘Caliphate’ Is Run“ The Telegraph, July 9, 2014, www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/mid-dleeast/iraq/10956280/Inside-the-leadership-of-Islamic-State-how-the-new-caliphate-is-run.html.

20 Hisham al-Hashimi, ’’Revealed: The Islamic State ‘Cabinet, ’ From Finance Minister to Suicide Bomb Deployer» The Telegraph, July 9, 2014, www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/mid-dleeast/iraq/10956193/Revealed-the-Islamic-State-cabinet-from-finance-minister-to-suicide-bomb-deployer.html.

21 Там же.

22 Siobhan Gorman, Nour Malas, and Matt Bradley, «Brutal Efficiency: The Secret to Islamic State’s Success» Wall Street Journal, September 3, 2014, www.wsj.com/articles/the-secret-to-the-success-of-islamic-state-1409709762.

23 Siobahn Gorman, Nour Malas, and Matt Bradley, «Disciplined Cadre Runs Islamic State» Wall Street Journal, September 3, 2014, www.wsj.com/articles/

SB20001424052970204545604580127823357609374.

24 «Exclusive: Top ISIS Leaders Revealed» Al Arabiya News, February 13, 2014, english.alarabiya.net/en/News/2014/02/13/Exclu-sive-Top-ISIS-leaders-revealed.html.

25 Hubbard & Schmitt, 2014.

26 «3 Senior ISIS Leaders Killed in US Airstrikes» CBS News, December 18, 2014, www.cbsnews.com/news/3-senior-isis-leaders-killed-in-u-s-airstrikes.

27 Sherlock, July 2014.

28 Hubbard & Schmitt, 2014.

29 Там же.

30 Интервью, взятое одним из авторов, октябрь 2014 г.

31 «Red-Bearded Chechen Fighter Is Face of ISIS» Sky News, July 3, 2014, news.sky.com/story/1293797/red-bearded-chechen-fighter-is-face-of-isis.

32 Gorman et al. «Disciplined Cadre» 2014.

33 Nina Akhmeteli, «The Georgian Roots of Isis Commander Omar al-Shishani» BBC News, July 8, 2014, www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-28217590.

34 Там же.

35 Bassem Mroue, «Chechen in Syria a Rising Star in Extremist Group» Associated Press, July 2, 2014, bigstory.ap.org/arti-cle/chechen-syria-rising-star-extremist-group.

36 Akhmeteli, 2014.

37 Mroue, 2014.

38 Joanna Paraszczuk, «The Chechen Leader With a Grudge and the IS Commander with Nine Lives» Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty, November 14, 2014, www.rferl.org/content/islamic-state-why-kadyrov-claims-shishani-killed/26692100.html.

39 Mroue, 2014.

40 Nour Malas and Rima Abushakra, «Islamists Seize Airbase Near Aleppo» Wall Street Journal, August 6,2013, www.wsj.com/arti-cles/SB10001424127887323420604578652250872942058.

41 Anne Barnard and Hwaida Saad, «Rebels Gain Control of Government Air Base in Syria» New York Times, August 5, 2013, www. nytimes.com/2013/08/06/world/middleeast/rebels-gain-control-of-government-air-base-in-syria.html; Michael Weiss, «Col. Oqaidi on al-Qaeda, UN Inspectors, and Kurdish Militias» NOW Lebanon, August 18,2013, now.mmedia.me/lb/en/interviews/col-oqaidi-on-al-qaeda-un-inspectors-and-kurdish-militias.

42 Joanna Paraszczuk, «Military Prowess of IS Commander Umar Shishani Called Into Question» Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty, November 6, 2014, www.rferl.org/content/umar-shishani-military-prowess-islamic-state/26677545.html.

43 Allan Hall, «One of the Teenage Austrian ‘Poster Girls’ Who Ran Away to Join ISIS Has Been Killed in the Conflict, UN Says» Daily

Mail, December 18, 2014, www.dailymail.co.uk/news/arti-cle-2879272/One-teenage-Austrian-poster-girls-ran-away-join-ISIS-killed-conflict-says.html.

44 «Austria Detains Teenage Girls Who Wanted to Marry ISIS Fighters» NBC News, January 11, 2015, www.nbcnews.com/sto-ryline/isis-terror/austria-detains-teenage-girls-who-wanted-marry-isis-fighters-n284096.

45 «George Orwell Reviews Mein Kampf (1940)» Open Culture, August 19, 2014, www.openculture.com/2014/08/george-orwell-reviews-mein-kampf-1940.html.

1 «Interview With Syrian President Bashar al-Assad» Wall Street Journal, January 31, 2011, www.wsj.com/arti-cles/SB10001424052748703833204576114712441122894.

2 «Syria: Gang Attacks Peaceful Demonstrators; Police Look On» Human Rights Watch, February 3, 2011, www.hrw.org/news/ 2011 /02/03/syria-gang-attacks-peaceful-demonstrators-police-look; Lauren Williams, «Syria Clamps Down on Dissent with Beatings and Arrests» The Guardian, February 24, 2011, www.theguardian. com/world/2011/feb/24/syria-crackdown-protest-arrests-beatings.

3 Molly Hennessy-Fiske, «Syria: Activists Protest Police Beating, Call for Investigation» Los Angeles Times, February 17, 2014, latimesblogs.latimes.com/babylonbeyond/2011/02/syria-activ-ists-protest-police-beating-call-for-investigation.html.

4 Там же.

5 Rania Abouzeid, «The Syrian Style of Repression: Thugs and Lectures» TIME, February 27, 2011, content.time, com/time/world/article/0,8599,2055713,OO.html.

6 Vallejo and Michael Weiss, «Syria Media Briefing: A Chronology of Protest and Repression» The Henry Jackston Society, May 2011, henryjacksonsociety.org/cms/harriercollection-items/Syria+Media+Briefing.pdf.

7 Fergal Keane, «Syria Ex-Detainees Allege Ordeals of Rape and Sex Abuse» BBC News, September 25, 2012, www.bbc. com/news/world-middle-east-19718075.

8 Josh Rogin, «Syrian Defector: Assad Poised to Torture and Murder 150,000 More» The Daily Beast, July 31, 2014, www. thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/07/31/syrian-defector-assad-poised-to-torture-and-murder-150-000-more.html.

9 Josh Rogin, «US: Assad’s ‘Machinery of Death’ Worst Since the Nazis» The Daily Beast, July 7, 2014, www.thedailybeast. com/articles/2014/07/07/u-s-assad-s-machinery-of-death-worst-since-the-nazis. html.

10 «The Syrian regime says, ‘A1 Assad or we’ll burn the country down, ’» YouTube video, 7:24, posted by Tehelka TV, October 30, 2013, www.youtube.com/watch? v=wNBGHaTkgW8.

11 James Reynolds, «Syria Torture Accounts Reinforce Human Rights Concerns» BBC News, July 3, 2012, www.bbc. com/news/world-middle-east-18687422.

12 Интервью, взятое одним из авторов, ноябрь 2014 г.

13 Nibras Kazimi, Syria Trough Jihadist Eyes: A Perfect Enemy (Stanford, CA: Hoover Press, 2010), 63.

14 Интервью, взятое одним из авторов, ноябрь 2014 г.

15 Ruth Sherlock, «Confessions of an Assad ‘Shabiha’ Loyalist: How I Raped and Killed for £300 a Month» The Telegraph, July 14, 2012, www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/mid-dleeast/syria/9400570/Confessions-of-an-Assad-Shabiha-loy-alist-how-I-raped-and-killed-for-300-a-month.html.

16 Stephanie Nebehay, «Most Houla Victims Killed n Summary Executions: UN» Reuters, May 29, 2012, www. reuters.com/article / 2012/05/29/us-syria-un-idUS-BRE84S10020120529.

17 Harriet Alexander and Ruth Sherlock, «The Shabiha: Inside Assad’s Death Squads» The Telegraph, June 2, 2012, www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/mid-dleeast/syria/9307411 /The-Shabiha-Inside-Assads-death-squads.html.

18 «Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic» Human Rights Council, 21st Session, August 15, 2012, www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBod-ies/HRCouncil/RegularSession/Session21/A-HRC-21-50.doc.

19 Chris McGreal, «Houla Massacre: US Accuses Iran of ‘Bragging’ about Its Military Aid to Syria» The Guardian, May 29, 2012, www.theguardian.com/world/2012/may/29/houla-massacre-us-accuses-iran.

20 Sam Dagher, «Syria’s Alawite Force Turned Tide for Assad» Wall Street Journal, August 26, 2013, www.wsj.com/arti-cles/SB10001424127887323997004578639903412487708.

21 Axe, 2014.

22 Там же.

23 «Insight: Syrian Government Guerrilla Fighters Being Sent to Iran for Training» Reuters, April 4, 2013, www.reuters. com/article/2013/04/04/us-syria-iran-training-insight-idUS-BRE9330DW20130404.