Кто мы? Вызовы американской национальной идентичности - Самюэль Хантингтон

13 April 1998, p. 39–40; Jill Lepore, The Name of War: King Philip’s War and the Origins of American Identity (New York: Knopf, 1998), p. 240; Eric B. Schultz and Michael J. Tougias, King Philip’s War: The History and Legacy of America’s Forgotten Conflict (Woodstock, VT: Countryman Press, 1999), p. 4–5.

{57} Richard Slotkin, Regeneration Through Violence: The Mythology of the American Frontier, 1600–1860 (Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1973), p. 79; Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America (New York: Vintage, 1945), vol. 1, p. 352. За этими словами Токвилля следует неожиданно эмоциональное и живописное описание выселения племени чокто, которое автор наблюдал в Мемфисе в 1831 году.

{58} James H. Kettner, The Development of American Citizenship, 1608–1870 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1978), p. 288–300; Peter H. Schuck and Rogers M. Smith, Citizenship Without Consent: Illegal Aliens in the American Polity (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1985), p. 63ff; Chief Justice John Marshall, The Cherokee Nation vs. The State of Georgia, 30 U. S. 1 (1831).

{59} Edmund Randolph, History of Virginia (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1970), p. 253; Thomas Jefferson, «The Autobiography of Thomas Jefferson», in Adrienne Koch and William Peden, eds., The Life and Selected Writings of Thomas Jefferson (New York: Modern Library, 1944) p. 51; John Patrick Doggins, On Hallowed Ground: Abraham Lincoln and the Foundations of American History (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2000), p. 175–76.

{60} Reginald Horsman, Race and Manifest Destiny: The Origins of American Racial Anglo-Saxonism (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1981), p. 134.

{61} Lind, Next American Nation, p. 43, 68; Smith, «‘The American Creed’ and American Identity», p. 233, 235; Horsman, Race and Manifest Destiny; Hazel M. McFerson, The Racial Dimension of American Overseas Colonial Policy (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1997).

{62} David Heer, Immigration in America’s Future: Social Science Findings and the Policy Debate (Boulder: Westview Press, 1996), p. 37.

{63} Justice Stephen J. Field, Chae Chang Ping v United States, 130 U. S. 581 (1889); Smith, «’American Creed’ and American Identity», p. 244.

{64} Philip Gleason, «American Identity and Americanization», in Stephan Thernstrom, ed., Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups (Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1981), p. 46.

{65} Immigration Restriction League, quoted in Madlwyn Allen Jones, American Immigration (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2nd ed., 1992), p. 222.

{66} William S. Bernard, «Immigration: History of U. S. Policy», in Thernstrom, ed., Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups, p. 493.

{67} Gleason, «American Identity and Americanization», p. 47.

{68} Alden T. Vaughan, «Seventeenth Century Origins of American Culture», in Stanley Coben and Lorman Ratner, eds., The Development of an American Culture (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2nd ed., 1983), p. 30–2; Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., The Disuniting of America (New York: Norton, rev. ed., 1998), p. 34.

{69} James A. Morone, «The Struggle for American Culture», PS: Political Science & Politics, 29 (September 1996), p. 428–429; John Higham, Send These to Me: Jews and Other Immigrants in Urban America (New York: Atheneum, 1975), p. 180.

{70} Samuel p. Huntington, Political Order in Changing Societies (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1968), p. 93ff.

{71} Anthony D. Smith, National Identity (Reno: University of Nevada Press, 1991), p. 150; Michael Novak, Further Reflections on Ethnicity (Middletown, PA: Jednota Press, 1977), p. 26; Will Kymlicka, Multicultural Citizenship: A Liberal Theory of Minority Rights (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995), p. 14; who levels the same charge against Canada and Australia; Robert N. Bellah, The Broken Covenant: American Civil Religion in Time of Trial (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992), p. 93, quoted from Harold Cruse, The Crisis of the Negro Intellectual (New York: Morrow, 1967), p. 256.

{72} Benjamin C. Schwarz, «The Diversity Myth», Atlantic Monthly, 275 (May 1995), p. 57–67.

{73} Adrian Hastings, The Construction of Nationhood: Ethnicity, Religion and Nationalism (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1997), p. 187, and Chapter 8 generally; Samuel p. Huntington, American Politics: The Promise of Disharmony (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1981), p. 154; Philip Schaff, America: A Sketch of Its Political, Social, and Religious Character (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1961), p. 72.

{74} Louis Hartz, The Liberal Tradition in America (New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1955); William Lee Miller, «Religion and Political Attitudes», in James Ward Smith and A. Leland Jamison, eds., Religious Perspectives in American Culture (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1961), p. 85; Huntington, American Politics: The Promise of Disharmony, p. 154.

{75} Jon Butler, Awash in a Sea of Faith: Christianizing the American People (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1990), p. 38–66.

{76} Sacvan Bercovitch, The Puritan Origins of the American Self (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1975), p. 144ff; Hastings, The Construction of Nationhood, p. 74–5; Morone, «The Struggle for American Culture», p. 426.

{77} Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France (Chicago: Regnery, 1955), p. 125–126 and «Speech on Moving Resolutions for Conciliation with the Colonies», in Ross J. S. Hoffman and Paul Levack, eds., Burke’s Politics (New York: Knopf, 1949), p. 69–71.

{78} Morone, «The Struggle for American Culture», p. 429; Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America (New York: Vintage, 1945), vol. 2, p. 32; Huntington, American Politics p. 153; James Bryce, The American Commonwealth (London: Macmillan, 1891), 2, p. 599.

{79} David Hackett Fischer, Albion’s Seed: Four British Folkways in America (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989), p. 787; Kevin p. Phillips, The Cousins’ Wars: Religion, Politics, and the Triumph of Anglo-America (New York: Basic Books, 1999), p. xv and passim.

{80} John C. Green et al, Religion and the Culture Wars: Dispatches from the Front (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 1996), p. 243–44.

{81} George M. Marsden, Fundamentalism and American Culture: The Shaping of Twentieth Century Evangelicalism, 1870–1925 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1982), p. 6; Garry Wills, Under God: Religion and American Politics (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1990), p. 19.

{82} Nathan O. Hatch, The Democratization of