Ты не слушаешь. Что мы упускаем, разучившись слушать, и как это исправить - Кейт Мёрфи

of Consumer Marketing 7, no. 2 (1990): 55–63, https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000002577; Emily Anthes, “Outside In: It’s So Loud, I Can’t Hear My Budget!,” Psychology Today, June 9, 2016, https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/articles/201009/outside–in–its–so–loud– i–cant–hear–my–budget; Charlotte Kemp, “Why are High Street shops so NOISY? As M&S Bans Muzak, Our Test Shows Other Stores Are Nearly as Deafening as Nightclubs,” Daily Mail, June 2, 2016, https://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article–3620719/Why–High–Street–shops–NOISY–M–S– bans–Muzak–test–shows–stores–nearly–deafening–nightclubs.html; Richard F. Yalch and Eric Spangenberg, ”Using Store Music for Retail Zoning: A Field Experiment,” in NA–Advances in Consumer Research, vol. 20, ed. Leigh McAlister and Michael L. Rothschild (Provo, UT: Association for Consumer Research: 1993), 632–636.

254 …раз за разом показывают, что люди предпочитают этого не делать – Dominique Lamy, Liad Mudrik, and Leon Y. Deouell, “Unconscious Auditory Information Can Prime Visual Word Processing: A Process– Dissociation Procedure Study,” Consciousness and Cognition 17, no. 3 (2008): 688–698, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2007.11.001; Christine Rosen, “The Myth of Multitasking,” New Atlantis 20 (2008): 105–110; Loukia Loukopoulos, R. Key Dismukes, and Immanuel Barshi, The Multitasking Myth: Handling Complexity in Real– World Operations (New London: Routledge, 2016).

255 Часто используемый оборот “уделять внимание”… – Daniel Kahneman, Thinking Fast and Slow (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2011), 23.

256. …для поощрения семейных трапез… – Sharon Fruh, Jayne A. Fulkerson, Madhuri S. Mulekar, Lee Ann J. Kendrick, and Clista Clanton, “The Surprising Benefits of the Family Meal,” Journal for Nurse Practitioners 7, no. 1 (2011): 18–22, https://doi. org/10.1016/j.nurpra.2010.04.017; Megan Harrison, Mark L. Norris, Nicole Obeid, Maeghan Fu, Hannah Weinstangel, and Margaret Sampson, “Systematic Review of the Effects of Family Meal Frequency on Psychosocial Outcomes in Youth,” Canadian Family Physician 61, no. 2 (2015): e96 – e106; https://www.cfp.ca/content/61/2/e96; Barbara Fiese and Marlene Schwartz, “Reclaiming the Family Table: Mealtimes and Child Health and Wellbeing,” Social Policy Report 22, no. 4 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2379-3988.1008.tb00057.x.

257 Eudora Welty and Ronald Sharp, eds., Norton Book of Friendship (New York: W. W. Norton, 1991). На русском языке не публиковалась.

258 …когда предложил им вступить в ряды полиции – “Dallas Police Chief Holds a News Conference,” CNN, July 11, 2016, http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1607/11/ath.02.html; “David Brown Press Conference on July 11, 2016,” YouTube video, 49:16, posted by “brimi925,” July 13, 2016, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v = p uYQIMpIn4.

259 Почему мы не можем быть умнее шестиклассников? – “‘Called to Rise’: Dallas Police Chief on Overcoming Racial Division,” All Things Considered, NPR, June 6, 2017, https://www.npr.org/2017/06/06/531787065/called–to–rise–dallas–police–chief–on–overcoming–racial–division.

Глава 15. Что скрывают слова и раскрывают паузы

260 …исследователи построили графическое изображение около 50 000 пауз – Stephen Levinson and Francisco Torreira, “Timing in Turn–Taking and Its Implications for Processing Models of Language,” Frontiers in Psychology 6 (2015): 731, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00731.

261 Исследования разговоров на голландском и немецком языках показали сходные результаты. – Jan Peter De Ruiter, Holger Mitterer, and Nick J. Enfield, “Projecting the End of a Speaker’s Turn: A Cognitive Cornerstone of Conversation,” Language 82, no. 3 (2006): 515–535, https://doi.org/10.1353/lan.2006.0130; Carina Riest, Annett B. Jorschick, and Jan P. de Ruiter, “Anticipation in Turn–Taking: Mechanisms and Information Sources,” Frontiers in Psychology 6 (2015): 89, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00089.

262 Японцы допускают… – Takie Sugiyama Lebra, “The Cultural Significance of Silence in Japanese Communication,” Multilingua: Journal of Cross–Cultural and Interlanguage Communication 6, no. 4 (1987): 343–358, https://doi.org/10.1515/mult.1987.6.4.343.

263 …японские бизнесмены без проблем выдерживают – Haru Yamada, “Yappari, as I Thought: Listener Talk in Japanese Communication,” Global Advances in Business Communication 4, no. 1 (2015): 3, https://commons.emich.edu/gabc/vol4/iss1/3.

264 Паузы в общении между врачом и пациентом в Японии – Sachiko Ohtaki, Toshio Ohtaki, and Michael D. Fetters, “Doctor–Patient Communication: A Comparison of the USA and Japan,” Family Practice 20, no. 3 (2003): 276–282, https://doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmg308.

265 Лучше всего слушать молчаливого человека – Larry Samovar, Edwin R. McDaniel, Richard E. Porter, and Carolyn Sexton Roy, Communication Between Cultures (Ontario, Canada: Nelson Education, 2015), 334.

266 …финны больше ценят умение слушать – Diana Petkova, “Beyond Silence: A Cross – Cultural Comparison Between Finnish ‘Quietude’ and Japanese ‘Tranquility,’ ” Eastern Academic Journal 4 (2015): 1– 14; https://www.academia.edu/19764499/Beyond_Silence_A_Cross-Cultural_Comparison_between_Finnish_Quietude_and_Japanese_Tranquility Donal Carbaugh, Michael Berry, and Marjatta Nurmikari– Berry, “Coding Personhood Through Cultural Terms and Practices: Silence and Quietude as a Finnish ‘Natural Way of Being,’ ” Journal of Language and Social Psychology 25, no. 3 (2006): 203–220, https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X06289422.

267 …является признаком надежных отношений – Namkje Koudenburg, Tom Postmes, and Ernestine H. Gordijn, “Conversational Flow Promotes Solidarity,” PLOS One 8, no. 11 (2013): e78363, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0078363.

268 Люди с высоким статусом… – Namkje Koudenburg, Tom Postmes, and Ernestine H. Gordijn. “Beyond Content of Conversation: The Role of Conversational Form in the Emergence and Regulation of Social Structure,” Personality and Social Psychology Review 21, no. 1 (2017): 50–71, https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868315626022.

269 …склонны интерпретировать паузы более чем в полсекунды – Felcia Roberts, Alexander L. Francis, and Melanie Morgan, “The Interaction of Inter–Turn Silence with Prosodic Cues in Listener Perceptions of ‘Trouble’ in Conversation,” Speech Communication 48, no. 9 (2006): 1079–1093, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2006.02.001.

270 …изменил или пояснил уже высказанное мнение – Namkje Koudenburg, Tom Postmes, and Ernestine H. Gordijn, “Resounding Silences: Subtle Norm Regulation in Everyday Interactions,” Social Psychology Quarterly 76, no. 3 (2013): 224–241, https://doi.org/10.1177/0190272513496794.

271 …о склонности к молчанию у Тима Кука – Kim Scott, Radical Candor (New York: St.Martin’s Press, 2017), 83.

272 …чувство общности и благополучия у людей уменьшилось… – Namkje Koudenburg, Tom Postmes, and Ernestine H. Gordijn, “Disrupting the Flow: How Brief Silences in Group Conversations Affect Social Needs,” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 47, no. 2 (2011): 512–515, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2010.12.006.

273 Лучшее в музыке нельзя обнаружить в нотной записи – “Gustav Mahler himself in the Netherlands (1903, 1904, 1906, 1909 and 1910),” Mahler Foundation Archive, https://mahlerfoundation.info/index.php/plaatsen/241-netherlands/amsterdam/1511-gustav-mahler-himself-in-amsterdam.

274. …что скрывают слова и раскрывают паузы… – Theodor Reik, Listening with the Third Ear (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1948), 121–127.

275. …на один день погружаться в «очаг возможностей» – R. Murray Schafer, Ear Cleaning: Notes for an Experimental Music Course (Toronto, Canada: Clark